Archaeometric study of the building materials from the buddhist temples at the Kharkhul khaany balgas site
Keywords:
Archaeological building ceramic, clay brick, roof tile, mortar, galze, chaîne opératoire, materials science, XRD, FTIR, RamanAbstract
Archaeological artefacts unearthed from Kharkhul Khaany Balgas site were investigated using methods specific to materials science (X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy) in order to detect the materials choices and technology following the “chaîne opératoire conceptual framework” that established technology as a phased process. The production technology Yinzhao is assumed as the kilns were discovered at the site. Clay samples from two clay deposits were analyzed along with end products such as grey bricks, green glazed roof tiles, lime mortar and lime plaster, and rammed earth from two Buddhist temple buildings. Analysis using XRD and FTIR to reconstruct the technology and to determine the provenance gave insights into the clay sources used by the ancient people, the technology for making the architectural clay ceramics at the Kharkhul Khaani Balgas site.
Хархул хааны балгасын буддын шашны сүмийн малтлагаас илэрсэн барилгын хэрэглэгдэхүүнийг материал судлалын аргаар судалсан нь
Хураангуй. 2024-2025 онд “Өв соёлын голомт” төслийн хүрээнд Архангай аймгийн Эрдэнэмандал сумын нутагт орших Хархул хааны балгас хэмээх эртний хотын Буддын шашны сүм хийдийн малтлага, хээрийн судалгааны ажлын хүрээнд барилгын материал хэрэглэгдэхүүний түүхий эд, үйлдвэрлэсэн газар, эцсийн бүтээгдэхүүн гэсэн үйлдвэрлэлийн гинжин дэс дарааллыг тогтоох, “chaîne opératoire” хэмээх арга зүйн дагуу Тойрмын нуур, Дүнгэнэдэг нуурын шаврын орд, барилгын материал шатаах зуух болон 1, 2-р сүмийн барилгыг сонгон тоосго, дээврийн ваар, шавардлага, шохойн зуурмагийг материал судлалын аргаар судлав. Археологийн судалгааны зэрэгцээ барилгын хэрэглэгдэхүүн дээр салбар дундын судалгааг гүйцэтгэж материалд агуулагдаж буй эрдэс, нэгдлүүдийн найрлагыг тодорхойлох замаар түүхий эд, үйлдвэрлэсэн технологийг сэргээн тогтоосон нь Монголын эртний хот суурины судалгаанд шинэ үр дүн болж байна.
Түлхүүр үг: Эртний барилгын материал, тоосго, дээврийн ваар, шавардлага, паалан, материал судлал, XRD, FTIR, Raman
[1]Энэхүү өгүүллийг Голомт банк, ШУА-ийн Археологийн хүрээлэн, МБШТГандантэгчэнлин хийдийн Эрдэм соёлын хүрээлэнгийн хамтран хэрэгжүүлсэн “Өв соёлын голомт” эрдэм шинжилгээний төслийн Хархул хааны балгасын археологийн судалгааны хүрээнд гүйцэтгэв.
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