History of technological research on textiles discovered in Xiongnu nobility tombs at Noyon-Uul site
Keywords:
Noyon-Uul, Xiongnu, nobility tombs, textiles, technology, research historyAbstract
History of technological research on textiles of the Xiongnu nobility tombs at Noyon-Uul site can be divided into two major chronological phases: the early XX and early XI century. The first phase includes the investigations conducted in 1924-1925 by the Mongolian-Tibetan Expedition led by P.K. Kozlov in the Noyon-Uul region. These excavations became a remarkable event in the history of archaeology and were recognized as one of the great discoveries of the XX century. During this expedition, 13 tombs were excavated at Noyon-Uul, and textile artifacts were unearthed from 7 of them. Today, of the approximately 1900 artifacts from this expedition preserved in the State Hermitage Museum of the Russian Federation, 1150 items consist of textile materials. The second phase comprises the Mongolian-Russian Joint Archaeological Research Project on the Noyon-Uul Tombs carried out between 2006 and 2015. This project marked a new chapter in the archaeological research of Noyon-uul and has been regarded as a major breakthrough. According to this joint project, 8 tombs were excavated, and textile artifacts were found in 3 of them. At present, more than 120 textile artifacts are included among over 1300 finds preserved in the Institute of Archaeology of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences and the Chinggis Khaan National Museum. Compared to other Xiongnu burial sites, the Xiongnu nobility tombs at Noyon-Uul site are distinguished by the exceptionally large quantity of textile artifacts, including silk and woven fabrics. The aim of this article is to examine and elucidate the complex history of research on the technologies of ancient textile artifacts dating back 2,000 years.
Ноён уулын хүннүгийн язгууртны булшнаас илэрсэн нэхмэл эдлэлийн технологийн судалгааны түүх
Хураангуй. Ноён уулын хүннүгийн язгууртны булшны нэхмэл эдлэлийн технологийн судалгааг XX зууны эхэн үе болон XXI зууны эхэн үе гэсэн хоёр ерөнхий цаг үед авч үзэж болох юм. Эхний үед 1924-1925 онд П.К.Козловын удирдсан “Монгол-Төвөдийн шинжилгээний анги”-ийн Ноён уулын бүсэд явуулсан судалгаа зүй ёсоор орох бөгөөд энэ нь тухайн үедээ археологийн судалгааны түүхэнд бичигдэх содон үйл явдал болж, XX зууны дэлхийн их нээлтийн нэгд тооцогдох болсон юм. Тус шинжилгээний анги Ноён ууланд 13 булш малтсаны 7 булшнаас нэхмэл эдлэлүүд илэрч олджээ. Өдгөө ОХУ-ын Эрмитажид хадгалагдаж буй тус экспедицийн 1900 нэгж олдворын 1150 нэгжийг нэхмэл эдлэл эзэлдэг. Удаах үед 2006-2015 онд явуулсан Монгол-Оросын хамтарсан “Ноён уулын булшны археологийн судалгаа” эрдэм шинжилгээний төсөл бөгөөд энэ нь Ноён уулын археологийн судалгаанд шинэ хуудсыг нээсэн нээлтийн чанартай судалгаа болсон юм. Тус хамтарсан төслийн хүрээнд Ноён ууланд 8 булш малтсаны 3 булшнаас нэхмэл эдлэл илэрч олджээ. Өдгөө Монгол Улсын ШУА-ийн Археологийн хүрээлэн болон Чингис хаан Үндэсний музейд хадгалагдаж буй 1300 гаруй олдворын 120 гаруйг нэхмэл эдлэлийн олдворууд эзэлж байна. Хүннүгийн бусад оршуулгын дурсгалтай харьцуулахад Ноён уулын хүннүгийн язгууртны оршуулгын дурсгалаас торго, бөс даавуу зэрэг нэхмэл эдлэл их хэмжээгээр илэрч олддогоороо онцлогтой. Энэхүү өгүүллээр 2000 жилийн тэртээх эртний нэхмэл эдлэлийн технологийн судалгааны ээдрээт түүхийг таниулахыг зорив.
Түлхүүр үг: Ноён уул, хүннү, язгууртны булш, нэхмэл, технологи, судалгааны түүх
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