Fish biodiversity and conservation perspectives in Mongolia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5564/pib.v40i2.4331Keywords:
fish, biodiversity, threats, conservation, invasion of non-native speciesAbstract
Freshwater ecosystems and their biodiversity are facing numerous threats, including overfishing, tourism, agriculture, mining, renewable energy production, urbanization, and the invasion of non-native species. These threats are significantly impacting the ecosystems of lakes and rivers in our country, resulting in the modification, degradation, and pollution of freshwater habitats. Ultimately, this leads to the loss of habitats, declines in populations, and reductions in the distribution of many species, placing them at greater risk of extinction. The most notable effects of these changes are observed in fish populations, which serve as key representatives of freshwater vertebrates. However, both within our country and globally, the study of freshwater fish biology and ecology has been less comprehensive compared to that of terrestrial vertebrates. As a result, there is insufficient data to effectively plan further conservation actions for these species. To address this knowledge gap, we have reviewed the threats faced by 80 fish species distributed in Mongolia, based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) classification. In this article, we summarize the necessary conservation actions required to protect these species. Understanding these challenges is crucial for guiding future freshwater ecosystem and fish conservation efforts. Монгол орны загасны биологийн олон янз байдал болон хамгааллын хэтийн төлөв Хураангуй. Цэнгэг усны экосистем, түүний биологийн төрөл зүйлд аюулын харанга дэлдэж буй түгээмэл асуудлууд болох хэт их загас агнуур, аялал жуулчлал, хөдөө аж ахуй, уул уурхай, сэргээгдэх эрчим хүчний үйлдвэрлэл, хотжилт болон харь зүйлийн түрэмгийлэл зэрэг нь манай орны нуур, голуудын экосистемд эрчимтэйгээр нүүрлэсээр байна. Энэ нь цэнгэг усны экосистемийн хувирал, доройтол болон бохирдлыг үүсгэснээр биологийн төрөл зүйлийн амьдрах орчин алдагдаж, популяцийн тоо толгой буурч, тархац нутаг нь хумигдаж, улмаар устаж үгүй болоход хүргэж байгаа билээ. Үүнийг цэнгэг усны сээр нуруутны гол төлөөлөл болох загасны ангийн түвшинд гарч байгаа өөрчлөлтөөр харуулах илүү боломжтой. Гэтэл манай оронд төдийгүй дэлхийд цэнгэг усны загасны биологи болон экологийн судалгаа хуурай газрын сээр нуруутан амьтдынхаас бага хийгдсэн нь тэдгээрийн цаашдын хамгааллын арга хэмжээг төлөвлөхөд шаардлагатай мэдээ, баримт хангалтгүй байгааг илтгэж байна. Тиймээс бид Монгол оронд тархах 80 зүйл загасны ховордлын шалтгааныг Дэлхийн Байгаль Хамгаалах Холбоо (IUCN)-ны ангиллын дагуу шүүж, шаардлагатай байгаа арга хэмжээг энэхүү өгүүлэлд тоймлов. Энэ нь цаашид цэнгэг усны экосистем, загас хамгааллын чиглэлээр авч хэрэгжүүлэх үйл ажиллагаанд анхаарах ёстой асуудлуудыг цэгцтэйгээр ойлгоход ач холбогдолтой юм. Түлхүүр үг: загас, биологийн олон янз байдал, ховордлын шалтгаан, хамгаалал, уугуул бус зүйлийн түрэмгийлэлDownloads
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Монгол Улсын Амьтны тухай хууль.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Ayushsuren Chananbaatar, Tsolmon Adiya, Ganbileg Gankhuyag

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