Newly discovered lithic sites from the Ugii lake basin

Authors

Keywords:

Ugii lake, Paleoenvironment, Paleoclimate, Younger Dryas, Lithic production

Abstract

This article examines the lithic production technology of newly discovered Stone Age sites located around Ugii Lake in the northeastern part of the Khangai Mountain region. Within the framework of the “New Kharkhorum” urban development program implemented by the Government of Mongolia, a research team from the Institute of Archaeology, Mongolian Academy of Sciences conducted an archaeological survey across 2,456 hectares in the vicinity of Ugii Lake and documented two lithic sites designated as Ugii Lake-1 and Ugii Lake-2. A total of 118 stone artifacts were collected from the surface at these locations. Lithic production technology represents a transitional stage toward the Early Holocene microblade industry, characterized by the production of blanks from wedge-shaped and prismatic cores, as well as the manufacture of blades, flakes, and technological debitage. Primary and secondary retouched tools appear to have been used for processing wood, bone, and hide, while the scraper assemblage corresponds to broader regional technological trends. Ugii Lake was formed during the early Holocene, more than 10,600 years ago, and the favourable paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions of that period appear to have facilitated the settlement of hunter-gatherer communities. Evidence of these activities has been preserved in the form of lithic artifacts discovered around the lake basin. The assemblages recovered from Ugii Lake-1 and Ugii Lake-2 are of particular significance because they provide important evidence for understanding the technological characteristics of the transitional period between the Late Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic in central Mongolia.

Өгий нуурын сав газраас шинээр илрүүлсэн чулуун зэвсгийн дурсгал

Хураангуй. Энэ өгүүлэлд Хангайн нурууны зүүн хойд хэсэгт орших Өгий нуур орчмоос шинээр илрүүлсэн чулуун зэвсгийн дурсгалын үйлдвэрлэлийн арга ажиллагааг тусгайлан авч үзсэн. Монгол Улсын засгийн газраас хэрэгжүүлж буй “Шинэ Хархорум” хотын хөгжлийн төлөвлөгөөний хүрээнд ШУА-ийн Археологийн хүрээлэнгийн судалгааны баг Өгий нуурын орчмын 2456 га талбайд археологийн хайгуул судалгаа явуулсан бөгөөд Өгий нуур-1, 2 хэмээн тэмдгэлсэн чулуун зэвсгийн дурсгалт газрыг илрүүлж, баримтжуулжээ. Өгий нуур-1, Өгий нуур-2 байршлаас нийт 118 ширхэг чулуун зэвсгийг олж газрын өнгөн хөрсөн дээрээс түүвэрлэжээ. Чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэлийн арга ажиллагаа нь голоцены эхэн үеийн бичил ялтсан технологид шилжих үеийг төлөөлж, шаантаг, призм хэлбэрийн үлдцээс бэлдэц гарган авах болон  ялтас, залтас, технологийн цуулдас зэрэг бүтээгдэхүүний үйлдвэрлэлийг харуулж байна. Анхдагч болон хоёрдогч боловсруулалттай багаж зэвсэг нь мод, яс, арьс боловсруулахад зориулагдсан бөгөөд хусуур нь бүс нутгийн технологийн хөгжлийн нийтлэг чиг хандлагатай нийцэж байна. Өгий нуур нь голоцены эхэн үед буюу одоогоос 10,600 гаруй жилийн өмнө бүрэлдэн тогтсон бөгөөд тухайн үеийн эртний байгаль орчин болон эртний уур амьсгалын таатай нөхцөл нь энд анчин, түүвэрлэгчид суурьшихад нөлөөлжээ. Үүний ул мөр болох чулуун зэвсгийн олдворууд өнөөг хүртэл хадгалагдан үлдсэн байна. Өгий нуур-1, Өгий нуур-2 дурсгалаас илэрсэн түүвэр чулуун зэвсгийн олдворууд нь дээд палеолитын хожуу үеэс шинэ чулуун зэвсгийн үед шилжих шилжилтийн үеийн чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэлийн онцлогийг тодорхойлно.

Түлхүүр үг: Өгий нуур-1, 2 дурсгал, эртний байгаль-орчин, эртний уур амьсгал, бага хуурайшил, чулуун зэвсгийн үйлдвэрлэл

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Published

2026-06-30

How to Cite

Newly discovered lithic sites from the Ugii lake basin. (2026). Studia Archaeologica, 49(1), 32-45. https://doi.org/10.5564/sa/v49i1.5554

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How to Cite

Newly discovered lithic sites from the Ugii lake basin. (2026). Studia Archaeologica, 49(1), 32-45. https://doi.org/10.5564/sa/v49i1.5554