Population and conservation issues of Saker Falcon (Falco cherrug Gray, 1834) in Mongolia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5564/pib.v38i1.2537Keywords:
saker falcon, prey, distribution, habitat modelling, populationAbstract
Mongolia is the main habitat of the Saker Falcon. The Saker Falcon is is one of 10 falcons commonly distributed in our country from Altai to the western part of the Great Khyangan Mountain. In addition to their important role-playing in the environment of the area where they habit, the birds are still a species in the national interest as an attitude of the national bird, and global attention due to international trade issues. The birds of prey play an important role in maintaining the ecosystem balance therefore the conservation should be based on science. As a result of the 2018 field survey covering an area of 64,000 sq. km through the territory of 19 provinces of Mongolia, we have determined the habitat range of the Saker Falcon is 680,000 sq. km, and the core habitat is 180,000 sq. km. The Brandt’s Vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) a small rodent and the Mongolian Lark (Melanocorypha mongolica) a small bird are one of the main prey species and are major indicators of its existence. Due to more realistic distribution accuracy, the Saker Falcon habitats were modeled in detail using environmental layers and its main prey and hotspot analysis. Estimating population and species distribution area not only represents the sustainable balance of the ecosystem but is also considered a key factor of local and regional socio-economic development.
Монгол орны идлэг шонхор (Falco cherrug Gray, 1834)–ын популяцийн судалгаа ба хамгааллын зарим асуудал
Монгол идлэг шонхрын популяцийн цөм нутаг болно. Идлэг шонхор манайд Алтайгаас Их Хянганы баруун хэсэг хүртэлх нутагт түгээмэл тархсан 10 зүйл шонхрын нэг. Тархсан нутгийнхаа орчин тогтолцоо, хүрээлэн буй орчны тэнцвэрт байдлыг хадгалахад чухал үүрэгтэй идлэг шонхрын хамгааллын бодлого нь шинжлэх ухааны үндэслэлтэй [1], [2], [3], [4] байх ёстой. Идлэг шонхрын худалдааны асуудал нь [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10] энэ зүйлийг монголын төдийгүй дэлхийн хэмжээний анхаарлыг татсан махчин шувууны нэг болгосныг үндэсний бахархалт шувуу [11] гэж үздэг хандлага төдийгүй популяцийн тоо хэмжээ, хамгааллын асуудал нь олон нийтэд тодорхойгүйтэй холбоотой. Тархсан нутгийн хэмжээнд 2018 онд манай орны 19 аймгийн нутаг дэвсгэрт 64,000 км2 талбайг хамарсан судалгаагаар идлэг шонхрын тархац нутгийн хэмжээ 684,000 км2 , голомт нутгийн хэмжээ 165,000 км2 орчим байгааг тогтоов. Идлэг шонхрын үндсэн идэш тэжээл бологч цайвар үлийч (Lasiopodomys brandtii) зэрэг мэрэгчид, монгол болжмор (Melanocorypha mongolica) зэрэг тал хээрийн жижиг шувуудын тархалт нь идлэг шонхрын амьдрах орчны сонголтыг илэрхийлэгч гол хүчин зүйл болдгийг түүний үндсэн идэш тэжээл бологч зүйлүүдийн тархац нутагтай давхцуулсан шинжилгээний (Hot-Spot analysis) үр дүн харуулж байна. Аливаа зүйл шувуудын тархац нутаг, тухайлбал идлэг шонхрын амьдрах орчны нарийвчилсан мэдээлэл нь тухайн экосистемийн тэнцвэрт байдлыг илэрхийлэхээс гадна тоо толгой, нөөцийг бодитой тооцоолох шинжлэх ухааны чухал үндэслэл, хамгааллын бодлогын түлхүүр болно.
Түлхүүр үгс: Идлэг шонхор, идэш тэжээл, тархалт, амьдрах орчин, тоо толгой
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Copyright (c) 2022 Galbadrakh Mainjargal, Shagdarsuren Boldbaatar, Dulamtseren Enkhbileg, Sovd Gantugs, Baatargal Otgonbayar, Sukhbaatar Tuvshintugs, Dashnyam Bayanmunkh, Jamsran Munkh-Erdene, Biraazana Odkhuu, Sundev Gombobaatar
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