Mongolian Journal of Botany
type: channel
description: Published by the Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences. Abstracting and indexing in Google Scholar, Dimensions, and EBSCO Discovery service
publisher: Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Mongolian Academy of Sciences
language: en-US
publication name: Mongolian Journal of Botany
issn: 2707-7284
copyright: The authors grant the Mongolian Journal of Botany a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher. Articles in the Mongolian Journal of Botany are Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY. This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
items: Editorial
items: Using maxent to model the distribution of Gentiana decumbens l.f. in Mongolia
items: The effects of climate and grazing on the plant and soil traits of various steppe vegetation communities in Mongolia
items: Vegetation condition and degradation in the steppe and desert steppe region of Bayankhongor province
items: Effects of climate and grazing on the main parameters of the Stipa grandis- Leymus chinensis- forb vegetation community in the Typical steppe, Mongolia
items: Study Changes in plant communities of silvopasture complexes piloted in the desert-steppe and dry-steppe regions of Eastern Mongolia
items: Study of photosynthesis in two species of the genus Rhodiola L.
items: Effects pf air pollution on pigment content of tree leaves
items: Correlation of some physiological parameters of White Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)
items: Comparison of cone morphology, seed characteristics between natural and cultivated Scots pine /Pinus sylvetris L./ in Mongolia
items: Regeneration and plant community change of the lingonberrygreen mosses taiga larch forest affected by clear cutting in eastern khuvsgul of Mongolia
items: Morphological parameters of pollen grains of Dahurian Larch (Larix gmelinii) and their relationship with climatic factors
items: About some unique plant communities of the Dagurian meadow steppe, spread in the valley of the Jid River in Selenga (Buryatia - Mongolia)

Editorial
type: item
description: No abstract in English
creator: Indree Tuvshintogtokh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Indree Tuvshintogtokh https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: vii
ending page: vii
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5375

Using maxent to model the distribution of Gentiana decumbens l.f. in Mongolia
type: item
description: The rapid change in global climate, which is anthropogenic in nature, affects species’ diversity, distribution, and stability. Plants that grow in mountainous regions are increasingly spreading in altitude. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimates that air temperatures will increase by 0.2 degrees Celsius per decade in the future. Predicting the distribution of species can be a tool to anticipate future problems in the distribution area of a species, and thus prioritize conservation measures. Therefore, we aimed to map and model the favorable growing environment for the medicinal plant species Gentiana decumbens L.f., which is widely used in traditional medicine throughout Mongolia, and determine future trends. We processed our research materials from 2014 to 2023 and used 249 distribution point data. The distribution was processed using 14 environmental factors. According to the results of the study, when the following 14 environmental factors were considered in the maxent modeling, precipitation in the summer season (June-August) is 32.8%, the average temperature in the spring season (March-May) is 11.1%, the average annual temperature is 10.7%, land elevation is 10.7% and the average temperature in the summer season (June-August) is 9.4%. Other factors accounted for the remaining percentage. The area suitable for the growth of horizontal sedge accounts for 30.11% of the total land area of Mongolia, of which 5.78% is most suitable (in some soums of Uvs, Khuvsgul, Zavkhan, Arkhangai, Orkhon, Bulgan, Selenge, Uvurkhangai, Bayankhongor, Tuv, Khentii, and Dornod province), 5.82% is highly suitable, 6.58% is moderately suitable, and 11.93% is low. However, the remaining 69.89% is unsuitable for growth. When estimating the area of suitable growing areas until 2100, climate change is likely to negatively affect the area of suitable growing areas for the species. Хэвтээ дэгд (Gentiana decumbens L.F.) ургамлын тархцыг монгол орны хэмжээнд maxent ашигл…
creator: Sukhbat Altangerel
creator: Tuvshintogtokh Indree
creator: Battseren Tsambaa
creator: Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu
creator: Davaagerel Munkhtur
creator: Nyambayar Nyamjantsan
creator: Batzaya Gachmaa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sukhbat Altangerel, Tuvshintogtokh Indree, Battseren Tsambaa, Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu, Davaagerel Munkhtur, Nyambayar Nyamjantsan, Batzaya Gachmaa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 1
ending page: 19
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5377

The effects of climate and grazing on the plant and soil traits of various steppe vegetation communities in Mongolia
type: item
description: The economic strategy of a plant, or its plant functional traits, is a crucial determinant of the influence of plant species on the functioning of steppe ecosystems and delineates the attributes of the ecosystem. This study aimed to investigate the plant functional traits and macroelement content of plants and soil in various nutrient-limited steppe ecosystems and to elucidate the effects of climate and grazing on these ecosystems. Field surveys were conducted in 2023 and 2024, plant and soil sample materials were collected from three representative steppe ecosystems: mountain steppe (Mungunmort soum, Tuv province - MS), typical steppe (Tumentsogt soum, Sukhbaatar province - TS), and desert steppe (Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Dalanjargalan soum, Dornogovi province - DS). These sites were selected to capture the ecological variability across Mongolia’s major steppe types. When comparing the community-weighted mean values of plant functional traits, the specific leaf area of plant species was relatively high in the mountain steppe (58.04– 168.15 cm² g⁻¹) and relatively low in the typical and desert steppes (4.44–101.05 cm² g⁻¹), whereas the specific length of the root had the opposite trend. However, when comparing the macroelement contents of plants among the three communities, the phosphorus content of leaves and roots (leaves: MS 0.3 ± 0.03; TS, DS 0.13~0.15 ± 0.02; roots: MS 0.23 ± 0.04; TS, DS 0.13~0.14 ± 0.01) and carbon content in mountain steppe (leaves: MS 2.9 ± 0.11; TS, DS 2.7~2.8 ± 0.1; roots: MS 3.1 ± 0.10; TS, DS 2.6~2.9 ± 0.04) were relatively higher than the other two steppes, while the nitrogen content was low (leaves: MS 0.32 ± 0.03; TS, DS 0.52~0.55 ± 0.02; roots: MS 0.21 ± 0.02; TS, DS 0.28 ± 0.02). As a result of structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, it was found that climate has a strong direct positive effect on soil chemical properties in the mountain steppe and desert steppe, but a strong direct negative effect on the typical steppe, and a…
creator: Enkhmaa Erdenebileg
creator: Batzorig Tugsbayar
creator: Batzaya Gachmaa
creator: Enkhriimaa Narmandakh
creator: Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu
creator: Khatansaikhan Purevdorj
creator: Tuvshintogtokh Indree
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Enkhmaa Erdenebileg, Batzorig Tugsbayar, Batzaya Gachmaa, Enkhriimaa Narmandakh, Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu, Khatansaikhan Purevdorj, Tuvshintogtokh Indree https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 20
ending page: 43
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5378

Vegetation condition and degradation in the steppe and desert steppe region of Bayankhongor province
type: item
description: Desertification and land degradation are phenomena that reduce land productivity in dry, arid, and arid regions, and one indicator that can indicate land productivity is vegetation cover. Therefore, it is believed that land degradation can be expressed through changes in vegetation cover. Degradation of vegetation cover in dry and arid regions is manifested in changes in species composition, reduced canopy cover, above-ground biomass, and diversity. However, the forms of degradation in vegetation cover vary depending on the natural zone and land use intensity. In this study, we aimed to determine the status and degradation of vegetation cover in Bayankhongor aimag based on plant species composition, canopy cover, and diversity. Based on a total of 34 field surveys conducted in the steppe and desert steppe regions of Bayankhongor aimag, and based on vegetation maps, 7.1% of the total area is very severely degraded, 16.7% is severely degraded, 46.3% is moderately degraded, and 29.9% is slightly degraded. The degradation of vegetation cover is mainly evident in the areas near the center of the soum, river valleys, and valleys between mountains. Here, the community structure has changed and the participation of the main plants in the community has decreased, and plants such as Artemisia frigida, Artemisia adamsii, Carex duriuscula, Allium polyrhizum and Convolvulus ammanii have become dominant among the plants indicating degradation. In particular, the vegetation cover has been severely degraded in the areas near the centers of Ulziit and Gurvanbulag soums, the valley of the Shar Usin River, the valley of the center of Galuut soums, the southern valley of Khureemaral soums, the Argalantyn Ovur in Baatsagaan soums, and the southern valley of Ikh Bogd mountain in Bogd soums. Баянхонгор аймгийн хуурай болон цөлөрхөг хээрийн бүсийн ургамал бүлгэмдлийн төлөв байдал, доройтол Хураангуй. Цөлжилт, газрын доройтол гэдэг нь хуурай гандуу, чийг дутмаг бүс нутагт газрын бүтээмж буу…
creator: Otgontsetseg Davaanyam
creator: Bayasgalan Davaggdorj
creator: Khaulenbek Akhmadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Otgontsetseg Davaanyam, Bayasgalan Davaggdorj, Khaulenbek Akhmadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 44
ending page: 59
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5379

Effects of climate and grazing on the main parameters of the Stipa grandis- Leymus chinensis- forb vegetation community in the Typical steppe, Mongolia
type: item
description: The typical steppe ecosystem is a sensitive environment at the intersection of many factors, including climate change and livestock grazing, and studying the long-term dynamics of species diversity and cover is important for maintaining ecosystem stability. In this study, based on long-term data from 2010–2024 for the Stipa grandis- Leymus chinensisforb typical steppe plant community in Tumentsogt soum, Sukhbaatar province, the effects of climatic factors (annual temperature and precipitation) and livestock population growth affect the main plant community indicators, such as foliar cover, litter cover, species diversity, and evenness were evaluated using a Structural Equation Model (SEM). The study results showed that cover increased by 3.6–3.7 times and litter cover decreased by 11.4 times in grazed areas, indicating that the plant community is deteriorating. The increase in green plant cover is a quantitively positive indicator. In contrast, the decrease in litter cover suggests a loss of stability in pasture vegetation, indicating a tendency toward further degradation of the plant community. Although species diversity decreased, the statistical difference was small, but evenness tended to increase. Structural equation modeling (SEM) results showed that grazing had the strongest negative effect on diversity (p < 0.001), while precipitation had the strongest positive effect (p < 0.001). Also, temperature increase had a negative effect on plant cover and a slightly positive effect on diversity. These results demonstrate how climate change and grazing impacts directly and indirectly affect the stability, cover, and species diversity of typical steppe plant communities and provide a basis for future planning of appropriate pasture management and climate change-based responses. Алаг өвс–нангиад түнгэ–том хялганат хуурай хээрийн ургамал бүлгэмдлийн үндсэн үзүүлэлтэд цаг агаар болон мал бэлчээрлэлтийн нөлөөлөл Хураангуй. Монгол орны хуурай хээрийн экосистем нь уур амьсг…
creator: Batzorig Tugsbayar
creator: Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu
creator: Enkhmaa Erdenebileg
creator: Khatansaikhan Purevdorj
creator: Enkhriimaa Narmandakh
creator: Tuvshintogtokh Indree
creator: Davaagerel Munkhtur
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Batzorig Tugsbayar, Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu, Enkhmaa Erdenebileg, Khatansaikhan Purevdorj, Enkhriimaa Narmandakh, Tuvshintogtokh Indree, Davaagerel Munkhtur https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 60
ending page: 72
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5380

Study Changes in plant communities of silvopasture complexes piloted in the desert-steppe and dry-steppe regions of Eastern Mongolia
type: item
description: This study presents scientific findings from experimental plantings and the establishment of silvopasture systems aimed at restoring degraded pasturelands in the desertsteppe and dry steppe zones of Eastern Mongolia. The main objective was to evaluate the effects of windbreak tree lines and silvopasture practices on changes in plant communities. Specifically, the study aimed to: 1. Compare plant community structures across three treatment types—degraded natural pastureland (control), fenced pasture, and silvopasture systems. 2. Assess species richness, crop productivity, and similarity indices among the treatments. 3. Analyze the spatial distribution of plant root systems within the study area. Research was conducted in degraded pasturelands located in Bayandelger (desertsteppe zone) and Uulbayan (dry steppe zone) soums of Sukhbaatar Province, Mongolia. The experimental treatments included silvopasture with windbreak tree plantings, fenced plots, and unmanaged degraded pasturelands (control). Data collected included species richness, plant biomass, crop yield, and root distribution. Results indicated that both silvopasture establishment and fencing had significant positive effects on restoring degraded rangelands in these semi-arid areas. These interventions reduced the dominance of a few plant species while increasing overall species richness, crop productivity, and biomass accumulation. A strong positive correlation was found between rainfall and crop growth, with the highest plant community similarity observed between the fenced and silvopasture treatments. Based on these findings, implementing silvopasture systems and pasture fencing across Mongolia is recommended as an effective strategy to combat overgrazing and land degradation and to promote ecological restoration of degraded rangelands. Дорнод Монголын цөлийн ба хуурай хээрийн бүсэд туршсан хамгаалалтын ойн зурвас бүхий бэлчээрийн ургамал бүлгэмдлийн өөрчлөгдөл Хураангуй. Тус өгүүлэлд Монгол орны хуурай, га…
creator: Tsengel Batkhishig
creator: Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar
creator: Dugarjav Chultem
creator: Tsognamsrai Damiran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Tsengel Batkhishig, Gerelbaatar Sukhbaatar, Dugarjav Chultem, Tsognamsrai Damiran https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 73
ending page: 86
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5381

Study of photosynthesis in two species of the genus Rhodiola L.
type: item
description: As climate change and human activities are negatively affecting plant diversity, it is essential to study plant conservation and cultivation from multiple perspectives. Therefore, in 2015, we investigated the photosynthetic characteristics of two perennial herbaceous plant species - Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey. and Rhodiola rosea L. - cultivated in the experimental garden plots of the Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Mongolian Academy of Sciences. The diurnal course of photosynthetic intensity in the studied plants showed a bimodal curve on average. Rh.quadrifida absorbed an average of 11.1 mg CO2/g.h per day, while Rh.rosea absorbed 10.6 mg CO2/g.h. The actual photochemical efficiency (APE) during peak photosynthetic intensity ranged from 49.7% to 74% for Rh.quadrifida and 54.7–63.7% for Rh.rosea. The temperature–photosynthesis relationship was represented by a symmetric parabolic curve, with Rh.quadrifida absorbing CO2 most intensively between 20–32.5°C and Rh.rosea between 22–35°C, indicating a wide thermal range and high tolerance to heat stress. This study offers insights into the adaptive responses of Rh.quadrifida and Rh.rosea to their local environment, providing a baseline for future ecophysiological studies. Мүгэз (Rhodiola L.)-ийн хоёр зүйл ургамлын фотосинтезийн судалгаа Хураангуй. Уур амьсгалын өөрчлөлт болон хүний үйл ажиллагааны нөлөө нь ургамлын олон янз байдалд сөргөөр нөлөөлж байгаа тул ургамлыг хамгаалах, тарималжуулах асуудлыг олон талаас нь судлах зайлшгүй шаардлагатай байна. Тиймд ШУА-ийн Ботаникийн цэцэрлэгт хүрээлэнгийн цэцэрлэгийн талбайд тарималжуулсан Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall) Fish et. Mey., Rhodiola rosea L. гэсэн 2 зүйлийн олон наст өвслөг ургамлын фотосинтезийн онцлогийг илрүүлэх энэхүү судалгааг 2015 онд хийж гүйцэтгэсэн. Судалгаанд хамрагдсан ургамлуудын фотосинтезийн өдрийн явцыг дунджаар нь авч үзэхэд хоёр оройтой муруйгаар илэрхийлэгдэж байгаа бөгөөд өдөрт дунджаар Rh.quadrifida 11.1 мг СО2/г.цаг, Rh.rosa 10.6 …
creator: Amarzorigt Altantsooj
creator: Nergui Khandmaa
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Amarzorigt Altantsooj, Nergui Khandmaa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 87
ending page: 96
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5382

Effects pf air pollution on pigment content of tree leaves
type: item
description: Rapidly increasing air pollution from urbanization and industrial activities negatively affects plant physiology. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of air pollution on the pigment contents in leaves of Larix sibirica Ldb., Salix tenuifolia Turcz., Padus asiatica Kom., Ulmus pumila L. in comparison of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and carotenoid under the polluted area of Ulaanbaatar city and unpolluted area of Gachuurt. Our results showed that the lowest chlorophyll a (unpolluted-307.3 μg/g; polluted-268.23 μg/g ), chlorophyll b (unpolluted-88.9 μg/g; polluted-69.7 μg/g), total chlorophyll (unpolluted-388.5 μg/g; polluted-324 μg/g) and carotenoid content (unpolluted-88.1 μg/g, polluted-79 μg/g) were recorded in Ulmus pumila while the highest chlorophyll a (unpolluted-593.1 μg/g; polluted-396.5 μg/g), chlorophyll b (unpolluted-213,4 μg/g; polluted-120,2 μg/g), total chlorophyll (unpolluted-790,6 μg/g; polluted-500 μg/g) and carotenoid content(unpolluted-149,8 μg/g; polluted-102,6 μg/g) were recorded in Salix tenuifolia under both conditions, respectively. The air pollution was reduced the pigment content on studied plants. Salix tenuifolia showed the highest reduction in pigments, while Larix sibirica demonstrates the least reduction in pigments. Two-Way ANOVA results showed that plant species and air pollution are significant factors to pigments content under polluted areas. Their interaction also has a statistically significant effect on the content of the pigments. Finally, we concluded that Ulmus pumila and Larix sibirica are suitable to cultivate for reducing air pollution in urban areas based on our results. Зарим модлог ургамлын навчны пигментүүдийн агууламжид агаарын бохирдлын нөлөө Хураангуй. Хотжилт, үйлдвэрлэлжилтийн үйл ажиллагаанаас үүдэлтэйгээр өсөн нэмэгдэж буй агаарын бохирдол нь ургамлын физиологийн үйл ажиллагаанд сөргөөр нөлөөлдөг. Иймээс Улаанбаатар хотын ногоон байгууламж (агаарын бохирдолтой) болон Гачууртын шар хоол…
creator: Otgonbayar Khishigdelger
creator: Nergui Khandmaa
creator: Oyungerel Shagjjab
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Otgonbayar Khishigdelger, Nergui Khandmaa, Oyungerel Shagjjab https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 97
ending page: 106
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5383

Correlation of some physiological parameters of White Peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)
type: item
description: Research on the physiology of Paeonia lactiflora, listed on the list of rare plants in Mongolia is rare worldwide. Therefore, we conducted this research to determine the relationship between important physiological parameters of P.lactiflora in the Botanical Garden, such as photosynthesis, water potential, and transpiration intensity. The diurnal course of photosynthesis of P.lactiflora showed a two-peaked curve with intensive absorption of carbon in the morning, a decrease in the midday, and an increase in the afternoon. According to the comparison of photosynthesis and water potential indicators, the oscillations changed for 2 hours from 8-12 in the morning, but after 12 o’clock, the oscillations became the same. According to the results of the diurnal course of physiological parameters, when the water potential is greater than -0.55 MPa (±0.05), transpiration is carried out intensively, creating conditions for the maximum absorption of CO2, the first peak of the photosynthetic. When the water potential decreases from -0.55 MPa (±0.05) to -0.80 MPa (±0.07), transpiration is also reduced, reducing the intensity of photosynthesis. This study revealed that the photosynthesis of P.lactiflora is directly dependent on the water potential and transpiration of the plant, which creates a two-peaked curve. Цагаан цээнэ (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)-ийн физиологийн зарим үзүүлэлтүүдийн хамаарал Хураангуй: Монгол орны нэн ховор ургамлын жагсаалтад бүртгэгдсэн цагаан цээнэ (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) -ийн физиологийн үзүүлэлтийн судалгаа нэлээдгүй хийгдсэн байдаг боловч манай оронд огт хийгдээгүй байна. Тиймээс бид Ботаникийн цэцэрлэгт ургаж буй цагаан цээнийн физиологийн чухал үзүүлэлт болох фотосинтез, усны потенциал, транспирацийн эрчим зэрэг үзүүлэлтүүдийн өдрийн явцыг тодорхойлж тэдгээрийн хамаарлыг тогтоох зорилгоор энэхүү судалгааны ажлыг хийж гүйцэтгэсэн. Бидний судалгаагаар цагаан цээнийн нүүрсхүчлийн хийн шингээлт өглөө хамгийн их эрчимтэй, үд дунд багасаад, үдээс хойш б…
creator: Gurbazar Byamba-Yondon
creator: Amarzorigt Altantsooj
creator: Tumurbaatar Semjid
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Gurbazar Byamba-Yondon, Amarzorigt Altantsooj, Tumurbaatar Semjid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 107
ending page: 114
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5384

Comparison of cone morphology, seed characteristics between natural and cultivated Scots pine /Pinus sylvetris L./ in Mongolia
type: item
description: The degradation of Mongolian forests, particularly Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) stands, has raised urgent concerns for ecological stability and sustainable forest management. Seed quality is a decisive factor influencing afforestation success, yet little is known about how environmental and management conditions shape seed traits in natural versus cultivated populations. The aim of this study was to examine differences in seed characteristics of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) between natural forests in Dornod and Khentii provinces and cultivated stands at the Botanic Garden of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences in Ulaanbaatar, Eastern Khentii Mountains. Seeds exhibited significant variation in both size and coat color, the latter classified into three groups: black, brown, and light. Seed quality was assessed through 1000-seed weight, germination percentage, and germination rate. Results revealed substantial disparities among seed color groups. In natural populations, germination was highest in black seeds (83.7%), followed by brown (64.3%) and light-colored seeds (46.8%). In contrast, cultivated seeds displayed markedly lower germination: 37.1% in black, 8.6% in brown, and only 1% in light-colored seeds. Across all color groups, natural seeds outperformed cultivated seeds in germination capacity and vigor. However, 1000-seed weight was greater in the Botanic Garden samples, with black, brown, and light seeds averaging 7.2 g, 6.9 g, and 6.2 g, respectively, compared with lower weights in natural populations. These findings demonstrate that while cultivated seeds are heavier, natural forest seeds maintain superior physiological quality, emphasizing the ecological and genetic importance of natural seed sources for successful afforestation and reforestation programs in Mongolia. Хэнтийн нурууны байгалийн болон тарималжуулсан нарс /Pinus sylvestris L./-ны боргоцойн морфологи, үрийн шинж чанарын харьцуулсан судалгаа Хураангуй: Энэхүү судалгааны зорилго нь Зүүн Хэнти…
creator: Temuujin Byambaa
creator: Tuvshinsanaa Enkhbat
creator: Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu
creator: Ariunbaatar Tumurbaatar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Temuujin Byambaa, Tuvshinsanaa Enkhbat, Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu, Ariunbaatar Tumurbaatar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 115
ending page: 129
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5385

Regeneration and plant community change of the lingonberrygreen mosses taiga larch forest affected by clear cutting in eastern khuvsgul of Mongolia
type: item
description: This paper presents the research results on the main characteristics of mensuration, the regeneration, and plant cover change 33 years after clear cutting in the taiga larch forest of Eastern Khuvsgul. Lingonberry-green mosses taiga larch forests were replaced by sedge-reed grass-forbs birch forest after the clear cutting. Natural regeneration of larch forest is insufficient. After clear cutting, similarity indexes compared with control forest at the successional years ranged 62.86-75 percent for species composition and 26.96-41.78 for coenotic percentage, showing quite difference in percentage of the involvement of each species and no drastic change in the species composition. Зүүн хөвсгөлийн нэлэнхүй огтолсон алирс-ногоон хөвдөт тайгын шинэсэн ойн сэргэн ургалт, ургамал бүлгэмдлийн өөрчлөлт Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд мод огтлоод 33 жил болсон Зүүн Хөвсгөлийн тайгын шинэсэн ойн таксацийн үндсэн үзүүлэлт, ойн сэргэн ургалт, ургамал бүрхэвчийн хөдлөлзүйн судалгааны үр дүнг оруулав. Алирс-ногоон хөвдөт тайгын шинэсэн ой нь нэлэнхүй мод огтлолтын дараа Улалж-сорвоо-алаг өвст хусан ойгоор солигджээ. Шинэсэн ойн байгалийн сэргэн ургалт хангалтгүй байна. Нэлэнхүй огтолсон ойг эх ойтой харьцуулсан төсөөтэй байдлын коэффициент нь огтлолтын дараах сукцессийн жилүүдэд зүйлийн бүрэлдэхүүний хувьд 62.86-75 хувь байхад ценозийн оролцоогоор 26.96-41.78 хувийн хооронд хэлбэлзэж байгаа нь зүйлийн бүрэлдэхүүний хувьд эрс өөрчлөгдөөгүй боловч бүлгэмдэл үүсгэхэд зүйл бүрийн оролцооны хувь нэлээд ялгаатай болсныг харуулж байна. Түлхүүр үгс: тайгын ой, шинэс, хус, төсөөтэй байдлын коэффициент, ойн сэргэн ургалт
creator: Undraa Munkhuu
creator: Zoyo Damdinjav
creator: Baljinnyam Ulziisaikhan
creator: Dorjsuren Chimidnyam
creator: Saruul Nyamdorj
creator: Dolgor Nergui
creator: Altansukh Batbaatar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Undraa Munkhuu, Zoyo Damdinjav, Baljinnyam Ulziisaikhan, Dorjsuren Chimidnyam, Saruul Nyamdorj, Dolgor Nergui, Altansukh Batbaatar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 130
ending page: 145
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5386

Morphological parameters of pollen grains of Dahurian Larch (Larix gmelinii) and their relationship with climatic factors
type: item
description: This study was conducted to investigate the morphological characteristics and maturation period of the pollen of Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii), which is distributed in the Ereen range of the Trans-Baikal forest region, and to assess the influence of climatic factors on these processes. Pollen morphometric parameters, including length, width, and exine thickness, were measured and analyzed in relation to climatic variables using data collected from 2016 to 2021. Sampling was conducted in three natural larch forest sites: Khaichiin Gol, Turgen, and Zasmal Davaa. The results indicated that pollen length and width remained relatively stable across years, whereas exine thickness exhibited sensitivity to climatic conditions. Specifically, exine thickness showed a positive correlation with April temperature (r = 0.24, p < 0.05) and a negative correlation with May precipitation (r = –0.29, p < 0.05). These findings suggest that short-term environmental fluctuations exert a significant influence on pollen structural traits in Dahurian larch. Дагуур шинэсний (Larix gmelinii ) тоосны морфологийн зарим үзүүлэлт ба уур амьсгалын хүчин зүйлсийн хамаарал Хураангуй: Энэхүү өгүүлэлд Өвөр-Байгалийн ой-ургамалжлын муж Эрээний нурууны хошуунд тархан ургадаг Дагуур шинэс (Larix gmelinii)-ний тоосны морфологийн онцлог, боловсрох хугацаа болон эдгээрт уур амьсгалын хүчин зүйлсийн үзүүлэх нөлөөг харьцуулан судалгааг гүйцэтгэв. Судалгаанд цэцгийн тоосны морфометрийн үзүүлэлтүүд болох урт, өргөн, экзиний зузааныг тодорхойлж, тэдгээрийн уур амьсгалын хүчин зүйлстэй хамаарлыг 2016–2021 оны өгөгдөлд үндэслэн үнэлэв. Судалгааг Хайчийн гол, Түргэн, Засмал давааны шинэсэн ойн гурван байршилд гүйцэтгэсэн. Үр дүнгээс харахад тоосны урт, өргөн тогтвортой үзүүлэлт байсан бол экзиний зузаан нь уур амьсгалын хүчин зүйлсэд мэдрэг хариу үзүүлж байв. Тодруулбал, экзиний зузаан 4-р сарын температуртай эерэг (r = 0.24, p < 0.05), 5-р сарын хур тунадаст сөрөг (r = –0.29, p < 0.05) хамааралтай байлаа. Эдгээр…
creator: Ariunbaatar Tumurbaatar
creator: Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu
creator: Jamiyansuren Sandagdarj
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Ariunbaatar Tumurbaatar, Lyankhua Bayasgalankhuu, Jamiyansuren Sandagdarj https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 146
ending page: 159
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5387

About some unique plant communities of the Dagurian meadow steppe, spread in the valley of the Jid River in Selenga (Buryatia - Mongolia)
type: item
description: The territory of the Selenga Middle Mountains in southern Buryatia and the northern part of Mongolia, adjacent to the Amur River basin, belongs to the Daurian-Manchurian province of the East Asian sub-kingdom of the Holarctic according to floristic zoning. The monsoon influence penetrates deeply inland along the Amur basin, reaching the Selenga Dauria, which is reflected in the rich vegetation diversity of the Selenga tributaries — the Khilok, Chikoy, and Dzhida rivers. Fragments of meadow steppe (prairie) vegetation are recorded in the lower reaches of the Dzhida valley, represented by three landscape-phytocoenotic refugia: Selger, Dzelter, and Altsak. Typical species of the prairie floristic complex include Bupleurum scorzonerifolium, Scabiosa comosa, Filifolium sibiricum, Lespedeza davurica, Saposhnikovia divaricata, Lilium pumilum, and Delphinium grandiflorum. In only three prairie communities of the Dzhida valley, a total of 71 species of vascular plants have been recorded, with the forb fraction accounting for 25.3% of the total species composition, and East Asian and Daurian-Manchurian species comprising 89.0%. This rich gene pool of Daurian prairie vegetation is manifested in the wealth of plant resources, especially medicinal plants. Сэлэнгийн Жид голын хөндийд тархах Дагуурын нугажуу хээрийн зарим өвөрмөц бүлгэмдлийн тухай (Буриад – Монгол) Хураангуй: Буриадын өмнөд хэсэг болон Монголын умард хэсгийн Сэлэнгийн дундаж уулс бүхий нутаг нь Амарын сав газартай хиллэн оршдог ба ургамлын аймгийн мужлалаар Голарктикийн их муж, Зүүн Азийн дэд их мужийн Дагуур-Манжуурын хошуунд багтдаг. Амарын сав газраар дамжин Номхон дөлгөөн далайн муссон (далайн чийглэг зөөлөн уур амьсгал)-ы нөлөө Сэлэнгийн Дагуур хүртэл эх газрын гүн рүү нэвтрэн хүрдэг. Энэ нь Сэлэнгэ мөрний цутгал голууд болох Хилок, Чикой, Жидын ургамалжлын баялаг олон янз байдлаар илэрнэ. Жид голын хөндийн доод урсгалд өндөр өвст нугажуу хээрийн бүлгэмдлүүд хэсэгчлэн тэмдэглэгдсэн бөгөөд Сэлгэр, Зэлтэр, Алца…
creator: Bimba-Tsyren Batomunkuevich Namzalov
creator: Indree Tuvshingtogtokh
creator: Maksar Bimba-Tsyrenovich Namzalov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Bimba-Tsyren Batomunkuevich Namzalov, Indree Tuvshingtogtokh, Maksar Bimba-Tsyrenovich Namzalov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-12-30
publication date: 2025-12-30
volume: 7
number: 33
starting page: 160
ending page: 171
doi: 10.5564/mjb.v7i33.5388