Multi-stage serpentinization of ultramafic rocks in the Manlay Ophiolite, southern Mongolia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5564/mgs.v26i53.1787Keywords:
Manlay Ophiolite, multi-stage serpentinization, southern Mongolia, serpentiniteAbstract
Serpentinization of ultramafic rocks in ophiolites is key to understanding the global cycle of elements and changes in the physical properties of lithospheric mantle. Mongolia, a central part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), contains numerous ophiolite complexes, but the metamorphism of ultramafic rocks in these ophiolites has been little studied. Here we present the results of our study of the serpentinization of an ultramafic body in the Manlay Ophiolite, southern Mongolia. The ultramafic rocks were completely serpentinized, and no relics of olivine or orthopyroxene were found. The composition of Cr-spinels [Mg# = Mg/(Mg + Fe2+) = 0.54 and Cr# = Cr/(Cr + Al) = 0.56] and the bulk rock chemistry (Mg/Si = 1.21–1.24 and Al/Si < 0.018) of the serpentinites indicate their origin from a fore-arc setting. Lizardite occurs in the cores and rims of mesh texture (Mg# = 0.97) and chrysotile is found in various occurrences, including in bastite (Mg# = 0.95), mesh cores (Mg# = 0.92), mesh rims (Mg# = 0.96), and later-stage large veins (Mg# = 0.94). The presence of lizardite and chrysotile and the absence of antigorite suggests low-temperature serpentinization (<300 °C). The lack of brucite in the serpentinites implies infiltration of the ultramafic rocks of the Manlay Ophiolite by Si-rich fluids. Based on microtextures and mineral chemistry, the serpentinization of the ultramafic rocks in the Manlay Ophiolite took place in three stages: (1) replacement of olivine by lizardite, (2) chrysotile formation (bastite) after orthopyroxene and as a replacement of relics of olivine, and (3) the development of veins of chrysotile that cut across all previous textures. The complex texture of the serpentinites in the Manlay Ophiolite indicates multiple stages of fluid infiltration into the ultramafic parts of these ophiolites in southern Mongolia and the CAOB.
Downloads
891
References
Auzende, A.L., Daniel, I., Reynard, B., Lemaire, C., Guyot, F. 2004. High-pressure behaviour of serpentine minerals: a Raman spectroscopic study. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, v. 31(5), p. 269-277. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00269-004-0384-0
Bach, W., Garrido, C.J., Paulick, H., Harvey, J., Rosner, M. 2004. Seawater‐peridotite interactions: First insights from ODP Leg 209, MAR 15 N. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, 5(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2004GC000744
Badarch, G., Cunningham, W. D., Windley, B.F. 2002. A new terrane subdivision for Mongolia: implications for the Phanerozoic crustal growth of Central Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 21(1), p. 87-110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(02)00017-2
Batkhishig, B., Noriyoshi, T., Greg, B. 2010. Magmatism of the Shuteen Complex and Carboniferous subduction of the Gurvansaikhan terrane, South Mongolia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 37(5-6), p. 399-411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2009.10.004
Blight, J.H.S., Petterson, M.G., Crowley, Q.G., Cunningham, D. 2010. The Oyut Ulaan volcanic group: stratigraphy, magmatic evolution and timing of Carboniferous arc development in southeast Mongolia. Journal of Geological Society, London, v. 167, p. 491-509. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492009-094
Dandar, O., Okamoto, A., Uno, M., Oyanagi, R., Nagaya, T., Burenjargal, U., Tsuchiya, N. 2019. Formation of secondary olivine after orthopyroxene during hydration of mantle wedge: evidence from the Khantaishir Ophiolite, western Mongolia. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 174(11), p. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-019-1623-1
Dandar, O., Okamoto, A., Uno, M., Tsuchiya, N. 2021. Redistribution of magnetite during multi-stage serpentinization: Evidence from the Taishir Massif, the Khantaishir Ophiolite, western Mongolia. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, v. 116, p. 176-181. https://doi.org/10.2465/jmps.201130a
Deschamps, F., Godard, M., Guillot, S., Hattori, K. 2013. Geochemistry of subduction zone serpentinites: A review. Lithos, v. 178, p. 96-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2013.05.019
Dobson, D.P., Meredith, P.G., Boon, S.A. 2002. Simulation of subduction zone seismicity by dehydration of serpentine. Science, v. 298(5597), p. 1407-1410. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1075390
Evans, B.W., Hattori, K., Baronnet, A. 2013. Serpentinite: what, why, where?. Elements, v. 9(2), p. 99-106. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.99
Frost, B.R., Beard, J.S. 2007. On silica activity and serpentinization. Journal of Petrology, v. 48(7), p. 1351-1368. https://doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egm021
Furnes, H., Safonova, I. 2019. Ophiolites of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt: Geochemical and petrological characterization and tectonic settings. Geoscience Frontiers, v. 10(4), p. 1255-1284. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2018.12.007
Guillot, S., Hattori, K. 2013. Serpentinites: Essential roles in geodynamics, arc volcanism, sustainable development, and the origin of life. Elements, v. 9(2), p. 95-98. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.95
Hattori, K H., Guillot, S. 2007. Geochemical character of serpentinites associated with high‐to ultrahigh‐pressure metamorphic rocks in the Alps, Cuba, and the Himalayas: Recycling of elements in subduction zones. Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, v. 8(9). https://doi.org/10.1029/2007GC001594
Holland, T.J.B., Powell, R.T.J.B. 1998. An internally consistent thermodynamic data set for phases of petrological interest. Journal of Metamorphic Geology, v. 16(3), p. 309-343. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1525-1314.1998.00140.x
Jahn, B.M., Windley, B., Natalin, B., Dobretsov, N.L. 2004. Phanerozoic continental growth in Central Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 23(5), p. 599-603. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1367-9120(03)00124-X
Jian, P., Kroner, A., Jahn, B., Windley, F. B., Shi, Y., Zhang, W., Zhang, F., Miao, L., Tomurhuu, D., Liu, D. 2014. Zircon dating of Neoproterozoic and Cambrian ophiolites in West Mongolia and implications for the timing of orogenic processes in the central part of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Earth-Sciences Reviews, v. 133, p. 62-93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.02.006
Klein, F., Bach, W., Humphris, S.E., Kahl, W. A., Jöns, N., Moskowitz, B., Berquó, T.S. 2014. Magnetite in seafloor serpentinite-Some like it hot. Geology, v. 42(2), p. 135-138. https://doi.org/10.1130/G35068.1
Lafay, R., Deschamps, F., Schwartz, S., Guillot, S., Godard, M., Debret, B., Nicollet, C. 2013. High-pressure serpentinites, a trap-and-release system controlled by metamorphic conditions: Example from the Piedmont zone of the western Alps. Chemical Geology, v. 343, p. 38-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2013.02.008
Lamb, M.A., Badarch, G. 1997. Paleozoic sedimentary basins and volcanic-arc systems of Southern Mongolia: new stratigraphic and sedimentologic constraints. International Geology Review, v. 39(6), p. 542-576. https://doi.org/10.1080/00206819709465288
Lamb, M.A., Cox, D. 1998. New 40 Ar/39 Ar age data and implications for porphyry copper deposits of Mongolia. Economic Geology, v. 93(4), p. 524-529. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.93.4.524
Martin, W., Baross, J., Kelley, D., Russell, M.J. 2008. Hydrothermal vents and the origin of life. Nature Reviews Microbiology, v. 6(11), p. 805-814. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro1991
Moody, J.B. 1976. Serpentinization: a review. Lithos, v. 9(2), p. 125-138. https://doi.org/10.1016/0024-4937(76)90030-X
Ogasawara, Y., Okamoto, A., Hirano, N., Tsuchiya, N. 2013. Coupled reactiions and silica diffusion during serpentinization. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 199, p. 212-230. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2013.06.001
Ohara, Y., Reagan, M. K., Fujikura, K., Watanabe, H., Michibayashi, K., Ishii, T., Kino, M. 2012. A serpentinite-hosted ecosystem in the Southern Mariana Forearc. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, v. 109(8), p. 2831-2835. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1112005109
Oyanagi, R., Okamoto, A., Tsuchiya, N. 2020. Silica controls on hydration kinetics during serpentinization of olivine: Insights from hydrothermal experiments and a reactive transport model. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 270, p. 21-42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2019.11.017
Perello, J., Cox, D., Garamjav, D., Sanjdorj, S., Diakov, S., Schissel, D., Munkhbat, T-O., Oyun, G. 2001. Oyu Tolgoi, Mongolia: Siluro-Devonian porphyry Cu-Au-(Mo) and high-sulfidation Cu mineralisation with a Cretaceous chalcocite blanket. Economic Geology, v. 96 (6), p. 1407-1428. https://doi.org/10.2113/gsecongeo.96.6.1407
Pinti D.L. 2011. Serpentinization. In: Gargaud M. et al. (eds) Encyclopedia of Astrobiology. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_1430
Power, I.M., Wilson, S.A., Dipple, G.M. 2013. Serpentinite carbonation for CO2 sequestration. Elements, v. 9(2), p. 115-121. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.9.2.115
Schwartz, S., Allemand, P., Guillot, S. 2001. Numerical model of the effect of serpentinites on the exhumation of eclogitic rocks: insights from the Monviso ophiolitic massif (Western Alps). Tectonophysics, v. 342(1-2), p. 193-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0040-1951(01)00162-7
Schwartz, S., Guillot, S., Reynard, B., Lafay, R., Debret, B., Nicollet, C., Auzende, A.L. 2013. Pressure-temperature estimates of the lizardite/antigorite transition in high pressure serpentinites. Lithos, v. 178, p. 197-210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2012.11.023
Schwarzenbach, E.M., Caddick, M.J., Beard, J.S., Bodnar, R.J. 2016. Serpentinization, element transfer, and the progressive development of zoning in veins: evidence from a partially serpentinized harzburgite. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, v. 171(1), p. 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00410-015-1219-3
Şengör, A.M.C., Natal'In, B.A., Burtman, V.S. 1993. Evolution of the Altaid tectonic collage and Palaeozoic crustal growth in Eurasia. Nature, v. 364(6435), p. 299-307. https://doi.org/10.1038/364299a0
Sonzogni, Y., Treiman, A.H., Schwenzer, S.P. 2017. Serpentinite with and without brucite: A reaction pathway analysis of a natural serpentinite in the Josephine ophiolite, California. Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences, v. 112(2), p. 59-76. https://doi.org/10.2465/jmps.160509
Uno, M., Kirby, S. 2019. Evidence for multiple stages of serpentinization from the mantle through the crust in the Redwood City Serpentinite mélange along the San Andreas Fault in California. Lithos, v. 336, p. 276-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2019.02.005
Tamura, A., Arai, S. 2006. Harzburgite-dunite-orthopyroxenite suite as a record of supra-subduction zone setting for the Oman ophiolite mantle. Lithos, v. 90, p. 43-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lithos.2005.12.012
Wang, J., Watanabe, N., Okamoto, A., Nakamura, K., Komai, T. 2019. Pyroxene control of H2 production and carbon storage during water-peridotite-CO2 hydrothermal reactions. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, v. 44(49), p. 26835-26847. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.08.161
Windley, B.F., Alexeiev, D., Xiao, W., Kröner, A., Badarch, G. 2007. Tectonic models for accretion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Journal of the Geological Society, v. 164(1), p. 31-47. https://doi.org/10.1144/0016-76492006-022
Yamasaki, S.I., Matsunami, H., Takeda, A., Kimura, K., Yamaji, I., Ogawa, Y., Tsuchiya, N. 2011. Simultaneous determination of trace elements in soils and sediments by polarizing energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. Bunseki Kagaku= Journal of Japanese Society for Analytical Chemistry, v. 60(4), p. 315-323. https://doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.60.315
Zhu, M., Baatar, M., Miao, L., Anaad, C., Zhang, F., Yang, S., Li, Y. 2014a. Zircon ages and geochemical compositions of the Manlay ophiolite and coeval island arc: Implications for the tectonic evolution of South Mongolia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 96, p. 108-122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.09.004
Zhu, M., Miao, L., Baatar, M., Zhang, F., Anaad, C., Yang, S., Li, Y. 2014b. Zircon ages and geochemical data of the Biluutiin ovoo ophiolite: implication for the tectonic evolution of South Mongolia. International Geology Review, v. 56(14), p. 1769-1782. https://doi.org/10.1080/00206814.2014.956817
Zhu, M., Baatar, M., Miao, L., Anaad, C., Zhang, F., Yang, S., Li, X. 2016. Early Paleozoic oceanic inliers and reconstruction of accretionary tectonics in the Middle Gobi region, Mongolia: Evidence from SHRIMP zircon U-Pb dating and geochemistry. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, v. 127, p. 300-313. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jseaes.2016.06.018
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Nomuulin Amarbayar, Noriyoshi Tsuchiya, Otgonbayar Dandar, Atsushi Okamoto, Masaoki Uno, Undarmaa Batsaikhan, Jiajie Wang
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright on any research article in the Mongolian Geoscientist is retained by the author(s).
The authors grant the Mongolian Geoscientist a license to publish the article and identify itself as the original publisher.
Articles in the Mongolian Geoscientist are Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY.
This license permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.